The Impact of Economic Development on Legal Frameworks on Environmental Protection in Qatar

Abstract

This article examines the economic and legal circumstances shaping Qatar’s
environmental legislation in the context sustainable development. First, it
establishes the link between Qatar’s economic trajectory and its environmental
challenges. It then highlights the close connection between Qatar’s economic
development and its hydrocarbon resources, noting the country’s ongoing
decarbonization strategy amidst its commitment to the Paris Agreement. It finds
that Qatar’s economic expansion has significantly outpaced its legal and
regulatory frameworks, creating gaps in environmental governance. Population
growth and urbanization emerge as key drivers of climate legislation due to the
resulting pressure on natural resources like water and food. The article explores
Qatar’s constitutional and legal framework, revealing an evolving recognition of
sustainable development. It examines the roles of key authorities in the legislative
process and identifies five central bodies involved in environmental lawmaking.
Despite these developments, legal mechanisms remain largely reactive, struggling
to keep pace with rapid economic and demographic growth. It presents
recommendations to address gaps in enforcement, capacity building, and
institutional coordination. It emphasizes the need for an integrated legal
framework that aligns with Qatar’s economic strategies while strengthening
environmental protections. The article concludes by underscoring the necessity
of legislative and executive reforms to enhance the effectiveness of environmental
law implementation and ensure long-term sustainability in Qatar’s development
model.